新人教版英语八年级上册第一单元知识点讲练

发布 2024-05-23 14:45:08 阅读 6794

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短语。1. 去度假 go on vacation 2. 去山区 go to the mountains 3. 呆在家里stay at home

4. 去夏令营 go to summer camp 5. 去海滩 go to the beach.

语法:1. 一般现在时态和一般过去时态。

heread) english every day. but hewatch) tv yesterday. 如果要表达“现在某人的行为习惯,即某人经常做某事”,要用一般现在时态。

如果主语是单数第三人称,动词要用单三形式(一般情况加s)。如果要表达某人过去做过某事,要用一般过去时态,动词要用它的过去式。动词的过去式变化规则有:

一般情况在动词末尾加___如:visitlookstay

以不发音的字母e结尾的动词后加___如:decidetaste

在重读音节中,只有___个元音字母,并且后紧跟___个辅音字母结尾,应该___这个辅音字母再加如:stopplan

以辅音字母+y结尾, 应改___为___再加___如:studycry

有的动词不按上面的4种规律变化,是没有规律的,我们称为不规则动词,只有死记。好在他们不多。收录在课本142面。

如:am/ isarecomegetdogoh**e/ hasmake

助动词的用法。

___he __read) english every day ? no,henot read)english every day.

hewatch)tv last night ?-no, henot watch) tv last night.

我们发现对动词提问或否定,应该用助动词do/does(用于一般现在时态)和did(用于一般过去时态). 并且助动词后接动词原形。

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1. 短语。

study for a test 复习备考, go out with sb. 和某人一起外出,be on vacation 在度假,go on vacation 去度假, somewhere interesting 有趣的地方, something special 特别的事。

2. 句子。

long time no see. 好久不见

i just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax 我只是大多数时间呆在家里读书和休闲(to 在此表目的,为了。)

3. 不定代词。

不定代词由some,no, any, every 与body(人),one(人), thing (事物),where(地方)构成,如somebody(某人),nobody(没人),anybody(任何人),everybody(每个人)

someone(某人),no one(没有一个人),anyone(任何人),everyone(每个人)

something(某事物),nothing (没什么事物),anything (任何事物),everything(一切)

somewhere(某地),nowhere(无处),anywhere (任何地方),everywhere(到处)

不定代词作主语时,视为单数第三人称,谓语动词用单三形式。如:

everybodyenglish. (like)

some构成的不定代词常用于肯定句中,any构成的不定代词多用于否定句和疑问句中,如:i went somewhere interesting. (改为一般疑问句you gointeresting ?

但表请求建议并希望得到对方肯定回答的疑问句还是用some及some构成的不定代词。如:would you liketo eat ?

could you give me __to drink?

形容词修饰不定代词时,常放不定代词后,与我们汉语习惯相反。如:

something new 新的东西有趣的地方特别的东西。

4. a few , few; a little, little 的区别:

a few 和few 后都接复数可数名词,a little 和little 后都接不可数名词。a few和 a little意为“有一些”,表肯定;few和little意为“几乎没有”,表否定。

题:① she hasfriends, but he has good friends.

we must go shopping, there is __meat in the fridge.

注意】quite a few 不是表示很少,而是表示很多,后接可数名词复数,相当于quite a lot of

5. most 和most of的用法:

most 可以作形容词,表大多数的,可以直接修饰名词。但most of 表“…中的大多数”,不能直接接名词,需接一个限定词再接名词。即:

①most +不可数名词/可数名词复数。 ②most of +the/ my/his等+不可数名词/可数名词复数。③most of +人称代词,如:

most of us。它们作主语时,谓语动词的形式取决于most后的名词单复数。

题students __like)english.

his moneybe ) lost.

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1. 反身代词。

反身代词表“某人自己”,教学中用oneself表示。你能写出下列代词对应的反身代词吗?

1. i (我2. you (你。

(他4. she (她5. it (它。

(我们 (你们 (他们。

我发现的规律有:表单数的反身代词以___结尾;表复数的反身代词以___结尾。

常考的反身代词短语有:enjoy oneself 过得愉快;help oneself to sth. 请随便吃喝某东西。

teach oneself sth. 自学某事物。

题: jack, helpto the cake. -thank you !

children, did you enjoyat the party ?

he teachesenglish at home.

2. buy sth. for sb. =buy sb. sth. 为某人买某物 (buy --bought )

i bought a book for her. =i bought her a book.

3. 问他人对某事物的看法时,常用这样的句型:how is/ was/ were… ?what is …like ?

the people were friendly there. (对划线部分提问。

4. h**e a good time玩得开心,过得愉快 = h**e fun = enjoy oneself

h**e fun doing sth. 在做某事中过的很愉快 i h**e fun english. (learn)

5. 系动词。

taste 表“尝起来”,是一个系动词,常见的系动词有:be是;keep/stay保持;turn/get/become 变;look看起来, smell闻起来, sound听起来, taste尝起来, feel觉得。他们后常接形容词作表语,用来描述主语的性质、状态等。

题:①it’s important to keepa.health b. healthy c. healthily )

what song is he singing ? itbeautiful.

a. tastes b. looks c. smells d. sounds

6. seem表“似乎,好像”,构成的句型有:sb.

seem to do sth. =it seems that sb. do sth.

某人似乎要去做某事。she seems to like you. =it seems that she likes you.

7. feed sth. to sb.= feed sb on sth. 用某物喂某人(feed—fed 喂),如:feed tigers on meat.

feed on 以…为食,如:tigers feed on meat.

8. there was nothing much to do but read. 除了读书再也无事可做。

but还可以表“除了”,常与nothing、nobody等表否定的不定代词连用,如:

there is nobody but jim in the room. 在房间里除了jim再也没有别人了。

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